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it was light

  • 1 luceo

    lūcĕo, xi, 2, v. n. [Sanscr. ruk, to be bright; Gr. luchnos, leukos, amphilukê; Lat. lux, lumen, lucidus, luna; O. H.-Germ. liŏht; Germ. Licht; cf. also illustris], to be light or clear, to shine, beam, glitter (syn.: splendeo, fulgeo).
    I.
    Lit.: (lumen) Nihilo minus ipsi lucet, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 16, 51 (Trag. v. 389 Vahl.): tum candida lumina lucent, id. ap. Fest. p. 228 and 229 Müll. (Ann. v. 157 Vahl.):

    (stella) luce lucebat aliena,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 16, 16:

    dum meus assiduo luceat igne focus,

    Tib. 1, 1, 6:

    lucet igne rogus,

    Ov. H. 11, 104:

    rara per occultos lucebat semita calles,

    Verg. A. 9, 383:

    lucet via longo Ordine flammarum,

    id. ib. 11, 143; cf. Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 17:

    interior caeli qua semita lucet,

    Stat. Th. 9, 641:

    (luminaria) lucent in firmamento caeli,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 15:

    niveo lucet in ore rubor,

    Ov. Am. 3, 3, 6:

    lucent oculi,

    id. M. 1, 239; Val. Fl. 6, 492:

    cinis in multam noctem pertinaciter luxit,

    Suet. Tib. 74:

    virgatis lucent sagulis (sc. Galli),

    glitter, Verg. A. 8, 660:

    taedā lucebis in illa,

    i. e. shall burn, Juv. 1, 155:

    non amplius erit sol ad lucendum,

    Vulg. Isa. 60, 19.—In the part. pres.:

    e rosea sol alte lampade lucens,

    Lucr. 5, 610; so,

    globus lunae,

    Verg. A. 6, 725:

    faces,

    Ov. F. 3, 270:

    sedebat In solio Phoebus claris lucente smaragdis,

    id. M. 2, 24:

    lucerna lucens in caliginoso loco,

    Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 19.— Poet., with acc.:

    huic lucebis novae nuptae facem,

    will light her home with a torch, Plaut. Cas. 1, 30: tute tibi puer es;

    lautus luces cereum,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 9.—
    2.
    Of the day, daylight, etc., to appear, dawn, become light:

    an umquam lucebit in orbe ille dies,

    Sil. 16, 91:

    lucente jam die,

    Amm. 21, 15, 2.—
    (β).
    Esp., impers.: lucet, lucebat, etc., it is (was) light, it is (was) day, it is dawning:

    priusquam lucet, adsunt,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 115:

    si lucet lucet: lucet autem, lucet igitur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 96:

    si judicatum erit meridie non lucere,

    id. Att. 1, 1, 1:

    nondum lucebat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

    nec satis lucebat: cum autem luceret, etc.,

    id. Att. 16, 13, a, 1:

    ubi lucere coepisset,

    id. Div. 1, 23, 47: expergiscere: lucet hoc, it is light, it is day there (in the sky), Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 63:

    hoc... luce lucebit,

    id. Curc. 1, 3, 26. —
    B.
    Transf., to shine or show through, to be discernible, visible ( poet.):

    si qua Arabio lucet bombyce puella,

    Prop. 2, 2, 25 (2, 3, 15):

    femineum lucet sic per bombycina corpus,

    Mart. 8, 68, 7:

    vitalia lucent,

    are uncovered, Stat. Th. 8, 525.—
    II.
    Trop., to shine forth, to be conspicuous, apparent, clear, evident:

    nunc imperii nostri splendor illis gentibus lucet,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

    mea officia et studia, quae parum antea luxerunt,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    cum res ipsa tot, tam claris argumentis luceat,

    id. Mil. 23, 61:

    virtus lucet in tenebris,

    id. Sest. 28, 60:

    tota oratio lucet,

    Quint. 8, 5, 29; 9, 1, 19.—Hence, lūcens, entis, P. a., shining, bright, conspicuous: lucentior usus, Mall. Theod. de Metr. 9, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > luceo

  • 2 illucesco

    illūcesco or illūcisco ( inl-), luxi, 3, v. inch. n. and a. [in-lucesco].
    I.
    Neutr., of the day or of the sun, to grow light, begin to shine, to break, dawn (most freq. in the tempp. perff.).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Illucescet ille aliquando dies, cum tu, etc., Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

    qui (dies) ut illuxit, mortui sunt reperti,

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

    ne hic tibi dies inluxit lucrificabilis,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 7, 2; cf.: pro di immortales, quis hic illuxit dies? Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 76; Ov. M. 7, 431:

    dies (alicui),

    Cic. Pis. 15, 34; id. Phil. 1, 12, 30; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69; id. Div. 1, 24, 50: ea nocte, cui illuxit dies caedis, on which arose the day, etc., Suet. Caes. 81:

    cum tertio die sol illuxisset,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 96:

    cum illucescerent elementa mundi,

    Ambros. in Luc. 5, 5.—
    2.
    Impers.: illuxit, it was light, day had dawned (very rare; not in Cic.; perh. not in Cæs.; for in B. C. 1, 23, 1, luxit is the better reading;

    v. Oud. ad loc.): ubi illuxit,

    Liv. 1, 28, 2; 2, 65, 1; 7, 14, 9.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    cum populo Romano vox et auctoritas consulis repente in tantis tenebris illuxerit,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 24:

    clarissimum deinde Homeri illuxit ingenium,

    Vell. 1, 5, 1. — Impers.:

    apud quem si illuxerit, non universa pretia in patrimonium tuum processisse,

    shall be made clear, apparent, Cod. Just. 5, 71, 10.—
    II.
    Act., to shine upon, give light to (Plautin.):

    (nox) ut mortales illucescas luce clara et candida,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 49:

    scelestiorem nullum alterum,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > illucesco

  • 3 illucisco

    illūcesco or illūcisco ( inl-), luxi, 3, v. inch. n. and a. [in-lucesco].
    I.
    Neutr., of the day or of the sun, to grow light, begin to shine, to break, dawn (most freq. in the tempp. perff.).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Illucescet ille aliquando dies, cum tu, etc., Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

    qui (dies) ut illuxit, mortui sunt reperti,

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

    ne hic tibi dies inluxit lucrificabilis,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 7, 2; cf.: pro di immortales, quis hic illuxit dies? Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 76; Ov. M. 7, 431:

    dies (alicui),

    Cic. Pis. 15, 34; id. Phil. 1, 12, 30; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69; id. Div. 1, 24, 50: ea nocte, cui illuxit dies caedis, on which arose the day, etc., Suet. Caes. 81:

    cum tertio die sol illuxisset,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 96:

    cum illucescerent elementa mundi,

    Ambros. in Luc. 5, 5.—
    2.
    Impers.: illuxit, it was light, day had dawned (very rare; not in Cic.; perh. not in Cæs.; for in B. C. 1, 23, 1, luxit is the better reading;

    v. Oud. ad loc.): ubi illuxit,

    Liv. 1, 28, 2; 2, 65, 1; 7, 14, 9.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    cum populo Romano vox et auctoritas consulis repente in tantis tenebris illuxerit,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 24:

    clarissimum deinde Homeri illuxit ingenium,

    Vell. 1, 5, 1. — Impers.:

    apud quem si illuxerit, non universa pretia in patrimonium tuum processisse,

    shall be made clear, apparent, Cod. Just. 5, 71, 10.—
    II.
    Act., to shine upon, give light to (Plautin.):

    (nox) ut mortales illucescas luce clara et candida,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 49:

    scelestiorem nullum alterum,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > illucisco

  • 4 inlucesco

    illūcesco or illūcisco ( inl-), luxi, 3, v. inch. n. and a. [in-lucesco].
    I.
    Neutr., of the day or of the sun, to grow light, begin to shine, to break, dawn (most freq. in the tempp. perff.).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Illucescet ille aliquando dies, cum tu, etc., Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

    qui (dies) ut illuxit, mortui sunt reperti,

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

    ne hic tibi dies inluxit lucrificabilis,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 7, 2; cf.: pro di immortales, quis hic illuxit dies? Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 76; Ov. M. 7, 431:

    dies (alicui),

    Cic. Pis. 15, 34; id. Phil. 1, 12, 30; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69; id. Div. 1, 24, 50: ea nocte, cui illuxit dies caedis, on which arose the day, etc., Suet. Caes. 81:

    cum tertio die sol illuxisset,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 96:

    cum illucescerent elementa mundi,

    Ambros. in Luc. 5, 5.—
    2.
    Impers.: illuxit, it was light, day had dawned (very rare; not in Cic.; perh. not in Cæs.; for in B. C. 1, 23, 1, luxit is the better reading;

    v. Oud. ad loc.): ubi illuxit,

    Liv. 1, 28, 2; 2, 65, 1; 7, 14, 9.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    cum populo Romano vox et auctoritas consulis repente in tantis tenebris illuxerit,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 24:

    clarissimum deinde Homeri illuxit ingenium,

    Vell. 1, 5, 1. — Impers.:

    apud quem si illuxerit, non universa pretia in patrimonium tuum processisse,

    shall be made clear, apparent, Cod. Just. 5, 71, 10.—
    II.
    Act., to shine upon, give light to (Plautin.):

    (nox) ut mortales illucescas luce clara et candida,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 49:

    scelestiorem nullum alterum,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inlucesco

  • 5 in-lūcēscō (ill-)

        in-lūcēscō (ill-) lūxī, —, ere,     inch, to grow light, begin to shine, break, dawn: Inlucescet aliquando ille dies, cum, etc.: cum tertio die sol inluxisset: alios Inluxisse dies, V.— Perf impers., it was light, day had dawned: ubi inluxit, L.—Fig.: cum populo R. auctoritas consulis inluxerit.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-lūcēscō (ill-)

  • 6 levis

    1.
    lĕvis, e, adj. [for leg-vis; Sanscr. laghu-s, little; cf. O. H. Germ. ring-i; Germ. gering; Gr. elachus], light in weight, not heavy (opp. gravis).
    I.
    Lit.:

    leviora corpora (opp. graviora),

    Lucr. 2, 227:

    aether,

    id. 5, 459:

    aura,

    id. 3, 196:

    levior quam pluma,

    Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

    stipulae,

    Verg. G. 1, 289: armatura, light armor:

    levis armaturae Numidae,

    the light-armed Numidians, Caes. B. G. 2, 10; also, by metonymy, lightarmed troops; v. armatura, and cf.:

    sed haec fuerit nobis tamquam levis armaturae prima orationis excursio,

    Cic. Div. 2, 10 fin.; so,

    miles,

    a light-armed soldier, Liv. 8, 8; cf.

    of clothing: nudi, aut sagulo leves,

    Tac. G. 6:

    flebis in solo levis angiportu,

    Hor. C. 1, 25, 10.—Of the earth upon the dead:

    terraque securae sit super ossa levis,

    Tib. 2, 4, 50;

    esp. freq. on tombstones: sit tibi terra levis (abbreviated, S. T. T. L.): per leves populos,

    the shades, bodiless persons, Ov. M. 10, 14:

    virgaque levem coerces aurea turbam,

    Hor. C. 1, 10, 18.— Poet. with inf.: fessis leviora tolli Pergama Grais, a lighter burden, i. e. easier to be destroyed, Hor. C. 2, 4, 11.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Light of digestion, easy to digest (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):

    quae in aqua degunt, leviorem cibum praestant. Inter domesticas quadrupedes levissima suilla est, gravissima bubula,

    lightest of digestion, Cels. 1, 18:

    leves malvae,

    Hor. C. 1, 31, 16 (cf.:

    gravi Malvae salubres corpori,

    id. Epod. 2, 57).—
    2.
    Light in motion, swift, quick, fleet, nimble, rapid (syn.:

    agilis, alacer, pernix): ipsa (diva) levi fecit volitantem flamine currum (i. e. Argo),

    a quick, favorable wind, Cat. 64, 9; cf.:

    leves venti,

    Ov. M. 15, 346:

    flatus,

    Sil. 15, 162:

    currus,

    light, swift, Ov. M. 2, 150:

    levi deducens pollice filum,

    light, nimble, id. ib. 4, 36; so,

    pollex,

    id. ib. 6, 22:

    saltus,

    id. ib. 7, 767;

    3, 599: peltam pro parma fecit, ut ad motus concursusque essent leviores,

    Nep. Iphicr. 1:

    Messapus levis cursu,

    Verg. A. 12, 489:

    leves Parthi,

    id. G. 4, 314:

    equus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 389:

    Nympharumque leves cum Satyris chori,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 31:

    quaere modos leviore plectro,

    nimbler, gayer, id. ib. 2, 1, 40:

    et levis erecta consurgit ad oscula plantā,

    Juv. 6, 507.—With inf. ( poet.):

    omnes ire leves,

    Sil. 16, 488:

    exsultare levis,

    id. 10, 605:

    levior discurrere,

    id. 4, 549:

    nullo levis terrore moveri,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 514:

    hora,

    fleeting, Ov. M. 15, 181:

    terra,

    light, thin soil, Verg. G. 2, 92:

    et ubi montana (loca) quod leviora et ideo salubriora,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 3;

    so (opp graviora),

    id. ib. —
    3.
    Slight, trifling, small (mostly poet.): ignis, Ov. M. 3, 488:

    tactus,

    a slight, gentle touch, id. ib. 4, 180:

    strepitus,

    id. ib. 7, 840:

    stridor,

    id. ib. 4, 413.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Without weight, i. e. of no consequence; hence, in gen., light, trifling, unimportant, inconsiderable, trivial, slight, little, petty, easy (class.):

    nunquam erit alienis gravis qui suis se concinnat levem,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

    grave est nomen imperii atque id etiam in levi persona pertimescitur,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 45:

    leve et infirmum,

    id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: quae mihi ad spem obtinendae veritatis gravissima sunt;

    ad motum animi... leviora,

    id. Deiot. 2, 5:

    quod alia quaedam inania et levia conquiras,

    id. Planc. 26, 63:

    auditio,

    a light, unfounded report, Caes. B. G. 7, 42:

    cui res et pecunia levissima et existimatio sanctissima fuit semper,

    something very insignificant, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

    dolor,

    id. Fin. 1, 12, 40:

    proelium,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 36:

    periculum,

    id. B. C. 3, 26:

    in aliquem merita,

    id. ib. 2, 32, 10:

    leviore de causa,

    id. B. G. 7, 4 fin.:

    praecordia levibus flagrantia causis,

    Juv. 13, 182:

    effutire leves indigna tragoedia versus,

    Hor. A. P. 231.—As subst.:

    in levi habitum,

    was made little of, was regarded as a trifle, Tac. H. 2, 21; id. A. 3, 54:

    levia sed nimium queror,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 63:

    quid leviora loquor? Petr. poët. 134, 12: non est leve tot puerorum observare manus,

    no easy matter, Juv. 7, 240:

    quidquid levius putaris,

    easier, id. 10, 344.—
    (β).
    With gen. ( poet.):

    opum levior,

    Sil. 2, 102.—
    B.
    In disposition or character.
    1.
    Light, light-minded, capricious, fickle, inconstant, unreliable, false:

    homo levior quam pluma,

    Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

    ne me leviorem erga te putes,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 34:

    tu levior cortice,

    Hor. C. 3, 9, 22:

    vitium levium hominum atque fallacium,

    Cic. Lael. 25, 91:

    quidam saepe in parva pecunia perspiciuntur quam sint leves,

    id. ib. 17, 63:

    leves ac nummarii judices,

    id. Clu. 28, 75:

    sit precor illa levis,

    Tib. 1, 6, 56:

    levi brachio aliquid agere,

    Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6:

    quid levius aut turpius,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 28 fin.:

    auctor,

    Liv. 5, 15:

    leves amicitiae,

    Cic. Lael. 26, 100:

    spes,

    vain, empty, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 8:

    leviores mores,

    Ulp. Fragm. 6, 12.—
    2.
    Mild, gentle, pleasant (rare):

    quos qui leviore nomine appellant, percussores vocant,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93; and:

    levior reprehensio,

    id. Ac. 2, 32, 102:

    tandem eo, quod levissimum videbatur, decursum est,

    the gentlest, mildest, Liv. 5, 23 fin.:

    nec leves somnos timor aut cupido Sordidus aufert,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 15; id. Epod. 2, 28:

    exsilium,

    mild, tolerable, Suet. Aug. 51.—Hence, adv.: lĕ-vĭter, lightly, not heavily.
    1.
    Lit. (rare):

    armati,

    light-armed, Curt. 4, 13.—Of the blow of a weapon:

    levius casura pila sperabat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 92, 2.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Slightly, a little, not much, somewhat:

    leviter densae nubes,

    Lucr. 6, 248:

    inflexum bacillum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30:

    genae leviter eminentes (al. leniter),

    id. N. D. 2, 57, 143:

    qui (medici) leviter aegrotantes leniter curant, gravioribus autem morbis, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

    saucius,

    id. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    non leviter lucra liguriens,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177:

    agnoscere aliquid,

    id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:

    eruditus,

    id. de Or. 3, 6, 24.— Comp.:

    quanto constantior idem In vitiis, tanto levius miser,

    so much less, Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

    dolere,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 30.— Sup.:

    ut levissime dicam,

    to express it in the mildest manner, Cic. Cat. 3, 7 fin. —
    b.
    Easily, lightly, without difficulty, with equanimity:

    id eo levius ferendum est, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2; cf.:

    sed levissime feram, si, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 20, 47; Liv. 29, 9.— Comp.:

    levius torquetis Arachne,

    more dexterously, Juv. 2, 56.
    2.
    lēvis (erroneously laevis), e, adj. [Gr. leios, leuros], smooth, smoothed, not rough, opp. asper (class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    corpuscula quaedam levia, alia aspera, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

    in locis (spectatur): leves an asperi,

    id. Part. Or. 10, 36:

    Deus levem eum (mundum) fecit et undique aequabilem,

    id. Univ. 6:

    pocula,

    smooth, shining, Verg. A. 5, 91:

    pharetrae,

    id. ib. 5, 558:

    brassica,

    Cato, R. R. 15, 7:

    levissima corpora,

    Lucr. 4, 659:

    coma pectine levis,

    Ov. M. 12, 409:

    nascunturque leves per digitos umerosque plumae,

    Hor. C. 2, 20, 11:

    levior assiduo detritis aequore conchis,

    Ov. M. 13, 792: inimicus pumice levis, rubbed (cf. pumicatus), Juv. 9, 95.— Poet.: levi cum sanguine Nisus labitur infelix, slippery, [p. 1055] Verg. A. 5, 328:

    levis Juventas ( = imberbis),

    smooth, without hair, beardless, Hor. C. 2, 11, 6; so,

    ora,

    Tib. 1, 9 (8), 31:

    crura,

    Juv. 8, 115:

    sponsus,

    id. 3, 111:

    caput,

    id. 10, 199; 2, 12; hence, also, poet. for youthful, delicate, beautiful:

    pectus,

    Verg. A. 11, 40:

    frons,

    id. E. 6, 51:

    umeri,

    id. A. 7, 815:

    colla,

    Ov. M. 10, 698.—Also, finely dressed, spruce, effeminate:

    vir,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 437; Pers. 1, 82: argentum, smooth, not engraved or chased, Juv. 14, 62.—In neutr. absol.:

    externi ne quid valeat per leve morari,

    smoothness, Hor. S. 2, 7, 87; so,

    per leve,

    Pers. 1, 64:

    per levia,

    Aus. Idyll. 16, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., rubbed smooth, ground down, softened, soft (rare), Scrib. Comp. 228; Cels. 2, 8.—
    II.
    Trop., of speech, smooth, flowing (rare but class.):

    oratio (opp. aspera),

    Cic. Or. 5 fin.; so,

    levis verborum concursus (opp. asper),

    id. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

    levis et aspera (vox),

    Quint. 11, 3, 15:

    levis et quadrata compositio,

    id. 2, 5, 9:

    levia ac nitida,

    id. 5, 12, 18:

    (aures) fragosis offenduntur et levibus mulcentur,

    id. 9, 4, 116.— Adv. does not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > levis

  • 7 sol

    sōl, sōlis, m. [Sanscr. svar, shine; cf. Gr. Seirios, seir, selas, Helenê; and Lat. serenus].
    I.
    Sing., the sun, as a heavenly body.
    A.
    In gen.:

    tempora duorum generum sunt, unum annale, quod sol circuitu suo finit,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 27:

    solis cursus lunaeque meatus,

    Lucr. 5, 77:

    annum ad cursum solis accommodavit,

    Suet. Caes. 40:

    liquidi fons luminis aetherius sol,

    Lucr. 5, 282:

    quid potest esse sole majus?

    Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 82:

    illud dubium esse nulli potest quin arcus imago solis sit,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 11.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    Sol oriens or solis ortus, the east, as a quarter of the heavens:

    spectant in septemtrionem et orientem solem,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1; 5, 13; 7, 69; cf.:

    a sole exoriente supra Maeotis paludes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 5, 17, 49: si illud signum solis ortum conspiceret,

    id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    facem stellae ab ortu solis ad occidentem porrigi visam,

    Liv. 29, 14, 3:

    ab ortu solis flare venti,

    id. 25, 27, 6.—
    2.
    Sol occidens or solis occasus, the west:

    alterum (litus) vergit ad solem occidentem,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13:

    laborant ut spectent sua triclinaria ad solem occidentem,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 13 fin.:

    spectat inter occasum solis et septemtriones,

    north-west, Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    quae (pars insulae) est propius solis occasum,

    id. ib. 4, 28.—Cf. poet.:

    sub sole cadente,

    Manil. 4, 791.—In phrases, sol is often omitted by ellipsis: unde sol oritur oriens nuncupatur aut ortus;

    quo demergitur occidens vel occasus,

    Mel. 1, 1 init.; v. orior, ortus, occĭdo.—
    3.
    Sol oriens or sol (solis) ortus= sunrise; sol occidens or solis (sol) occasus = sunset:

    qui solem nec occidentem umquam viderint, nec orientem,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23:

    sole orto Gracchus copias educit,

    Liv. 24, 15, 1:

    prius orto Sole,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 113:

    certi solis lunaeque et ortus et occasus sunt,

    Liv. 44, 37, 7:

    numquam ab orto sole ad occidentem... a curiā abscessit,

    id. 27, 50, 4:

    ut, equis insidentes, solis ortu cursum in quemdam locum dirigerent,

    Val. Max. 7, 3, 2 ext.:

    solis occasu,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 50; Liv. 24, 17, 7:

    ad (sub) solis occasum,

    towards sunset, Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 2, 11:

    in occasum declivi sole,

    Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 203.— Poet.:

    surgente a sole,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 29.—For sol occasus, v. occidere, and Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 87 (ante solem occasum); id. ib. 5, 7, 35 (ad solem occasum); cf.:

    ab exortu ad occasum perstare contuentis solem,

    Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 22.—
    4.
    To designate a clime, country, etc., as eastern or southern (post-Aug.):

    ille Liberi currus triumphantem usque ad Thebas a solis ortu vehat,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 4:

    terminos civitatis nostrae cum sole metimur,

    id. Ot. Sap. 4 (31), 1. it tamen ultra oceanum solemque, id. Ep. 94, 63:

    sub alio sole,

    in another clime, Manil. 4, 171; cf.:

    ut sua orientis occidentisque terminis finiat (sc. solis),

    Sen. Ep. 92, 32.—
    5.
    Trop., of a great good or a great man:

    sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur,

    Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3:

    solem e mundo tollere videntur qui, etc.,

    id. Lael. 13, 47:

    P. Africanus, sol alter (with sole geminato),

    id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; cf. Hor. S. 1, 7, 24:

    neque mundum posse duobus solibus regi, neque orbem, etc.,

    Just. 11, 12.—
    6.
    Prov.:

    et sceleratis sol oritur,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 26, 1; cf.:

    qui solem suum oriri facit super bonos et malos,

    Vulg. Matt. 5, 45: nondum omnium dierum sol occidit (Germ. Es ist noch nicht aller Tage Abend) = there are more days yet to come, sc. when the tables may be turned, Liv. 39, 26, 9.—
    C.
    The poets reckon time in many ways by the movement, etc., of the sun:

    bis me sol adiit gelidae post frigora brumae,

    two years, Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 1:

    donec sol annuus omnes conficeret metas,

    within a year, Stat. Achill. 1, 455; cf. Nemes. Cyn. 122:

    octavo lumine solis,

    on the eighth day, Lucr. 6, 1195:

    sol septimus,

    Juv. 15, 44:

    cum sol Herculei terga leonis adit,

    in midsummer, Ov. A. A. 1, 68: O sol Pulcher, O laudande (= dies;

    sc. Augusti reditus),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 46; cf. id. S. 1, 9, 72:

    supremo sole,

    at noon, id. Ep. 1, 5, 3:

    sub medium solem,

    Manil. 4, 651; cf. id. 4, 593:

    sol abit,

    it is growing late, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 32; cf.:

    a primo ad ultimum solem,

    all day long, Amm. 14, 6, 10.—
    D.
    Transf., the sun, sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun:

    ager soli ostentus,

    exposed to the sun, Cato, R. R. 6:

    sarmenta imponito quae frigus defendant et solem,

    id. ib. 48 (49):

    uvas ponite in sole biduum,

    id. ib. 112 (113):

    sol semper hic est a mani ad vesperum,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 80:

    quin exta inspicere in sole etiam vivo licet,

    id. Aul. 3, 6, 29:

    nec res posse in sole videri, ni, etc.,

    Lucr. 5, 292:

    nunc quidem paululum a sole,

    out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92:

    cum in sole ambulem,

    id. de Or. 2, 14, 60:

    apricatio in illo Lucretino tuo sole,

    id. Att. 7, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 6, 1:

    iter in calescente sole factum erat,

    Liv. 44, 36 init.:

    torrente meridiano sole,

    id. 44, 38:

    ex vehementi sole,

    id. 28, 15, 11:

    urente assiduo sole,

    id. 44, 33 fin.:

    ut veniens dextrum latus aspiciat sol,

    light of the morning sun, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 6:

    reformidant insuetum lumina solem,

    Ov. P. 3, 4, 49; cf.:

    nam et solem lumina aegra formidant,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 6:

    adversi solis ab ictu,

    sunstroke, Ov. M. 3, 183:

    altera (spelunca) solem non recipit,

    Sen. Ep. 55, 6:

    sole correptis,

    Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 119:

    pisces, quos sole torreant,

    id. 7, 2, 2, § 30:

    siccatur in sole,

    id. 19, 1, 3, § 16:

    in agmine (Caesar) anteibat capite detecto, seu sol seu imber esset,

    Suet. Caes. 57:

    patiens pulveris atque solis,

    Hor. C. 1, 8, 4.— And trop.: in solem ac pulverem procedere, or producere, into heat and dust, i. e. into practical life (opp. umbra eruditorum), Cic. Brut. 9, 37; id. Leg. 3, 6, 14.—In a similar sense:

    cedat stilus gladio, umbra soli,

    Cic. Mur. 14, 30.—Prov.:

    clarior quam solis radii,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2:

    sole ipso est clarius,

    Arn. 1, n. 47; cf.

    the class. luce clarius, and: cum id solis luce videatur clarius,

    Cic. Div. 1, 3, 6.
    II.
    Plur.
    A.
    Suns, images of the sun (class.):

    neque pauci neque leves sunt qui se duo soles vidisse dicant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15:

    Albae duos soles visos ferebant,

    Liv. 28, 11, 3:

    et rursus plures soles simul cernuntur,

    Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99:

    quid eas vocem? imagines solis? Historici soles vocant, et binos ternosque adparuisse memoriae tradunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 11, 2.—
    B.
    Poet. = days (v. I. C.):

    nec tamen illis solibus ulla comparebat avis,

    Lucr. 6, 1219:

    saepe ego longos Cantando puerum memini me condere soles,

    to spend the long summer days in singing, Verg. E. 9, 52:

    tres soles... Erramus,

    id. A. 3, 203; cf. Sil. 3, 554:

    Bajani soles,

    the sunny days of Bajœ, Mart. 6, 43, 5:

    O soles!

    id. 10, 51, 6: soles fulsere quondam tibi candidi, Cat. 8, 3, 8:

    soles occidere et redire possunt,

    id. 5, 4:

    longis solibus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 460:

    solibus arctis,

    short winter days, id. S. 1, 3, 88.—So, to describe certain seasons:

    solibus hibernis... gratior,

    than the sun in winter, Ov. M. 13, 793:

    si numeres anno soles et nubila toto,

    the sunny and cloudy days, id. Tr. 5, 8, 31.—
    C.
    Light or heat of the sun ( poet. and in postAug. prose; cf.

    D. supra): pars terrai perusta solibus assiduis,

    Lucr. 5, 253; cf. Ov. H. 5, 112:

    pluviis et solibus icta,

    Lucr. 6, 1101:

    quae carent ventis et solibus,

    i. e. are buried, Hor. Epod. 16, 13; 2, 41:

    et soles melius nitent,

    id. C. 4, 5, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 10, 17:

    ex imbri soles Prospicere... poteris,

    Verg. G. 1, 393:

    inque novos soles audent se gramina tuto Credere,

    id. ib. 2, 332;

    similarly,

    Ov. F. 4, 404; Stat. Th. 1, 363; 4, 421; 4, 831:

    tum blandi soles,

    Ov. F. 1, 157:

    frigore soles juvant,

    id. R. Am. 405; so Mart. 10, 42:

    Romulus et frater... Solibus et campo corpora nuda dabant,

    Ov. F. 2, 366:

    aequora semper solibus orba tument,

    id. P. 1, 3, 54:

    solibus rupta glacies,

    Juv. 4, 43:

    geminā pereunt caligine soles,

    Stat. Th. 5, 154:

    aestivos quo decipis aere soles?

    id. S. 4, 4, 19:

    tacent exhausti solibus amnes,

    id. Th. 3, 2, 59; 4, 56; Mart. 10, 12, 7; 8, 14, 4; 14, 28; Ov. M. 1, 435:

    cura soles assiduo quaerendi,

    Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

    perpeti soles,

    id. 36, 22, 45, § 162:

    evitatis solibus,

    id. 28, 12, 50, § 186:

    (sal) siccatur aestivis solibus,

    id. 31, 7, 39, § 73:

    merguntur in aquam solibus tepefactam,

    id. 19, 1, 3, § 17:

    nec campi minus soles accipiunt,

    id. 17, 4, 3, § 29:

    sarculatio novos soles admittit,

    id. 18, 21, 50, § 184; cf. id. 12, 5, 11, § 23; 12, 7, 14, § 26:

    aurea pellebant tepidos umbracula soles,

    Ov. F. 2, 311:

    dum patula defendimus arbore soles,

    Stat. S. 3, 1, 70.—Very rarely of the sun's revolution, without reference to light or heat:

    quae via soles praecipitet,

    Stat. Th. 6, 362.—In class. prose sometimes solis ardores, with the force of the poet. soles:

    et nimios solis defendit ardores,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 53; cf.:

    propter nimios solis ardores,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 17.
    III.
    Sol, the Sun-god.
    A.
    Lit.
    a.
    The ancient Italian deity Sol, represented as driving the four-horse sun-chariot from east to west; later identified with the Greek Helios, and hence often called Titan or Phœbus by the poets:

    signi dic quid est? Cum quadrigis Sol exoriens,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269:

    Sol... aeternam suscepit lampada mundi,

    Lucr. 5, 402:

    rapax vis Solis equorum,

    id. 5, 402:

    quod magni filia Solis eram,

    Ov. R. Am. 276; id. M. 14, 346:

    Solis currus,

    id. P. 4, 6, 48:

    secundum (invocabis) Solem et Lunam,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.:

    grates tibi ago, summe Sol,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:

    Sol Phaëthonti filio facturum se esse dixit quidquid optasset,

    id. Off. 3, 25, 94:

    Quid? illum filium Solis nonne patris ipsius luce indignum putas?

    id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26:

    qui Solem aurigando aequiperare existimaretur,

    Suet. Ner. 53:

    Solis colossus Rhodi,

    Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 41; 34, 8, 19, § 63.—Comic.:

    credo edepol equidem dormire Solem atque adpotum probe,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 129.—
    b.
    The Phœnician sun-god Heliogabalus (Elagabal), whose worship was introduced by the later emperors (Aurelianus, Heliogabalus):

    ad templum Heliogabali tetendit... et Romae Soli templum posuit,

    Vop. Aur. 25; cf. id. ib. 4; 14; 35; 39; Lampr. Heliog. 1; 3; afterwards called Sol Invictus, whose birthday, acc. to the Calendar. Const., was celebrated December 25th; cf. Julian. Or. 4, p. 156.—
    c.
    Of the sun-worship of other nations:

    (Germani) deorum numero ducunt Solem et Vulcanum et Lunam,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21; cf.:

    rex regum, frater Solis et Lunae,

    of the king of Persia, Amm. 17, 5, 3.—
    B.
    The sun-god as emblem of omniscience:

    non potuit reperire, si ipsi Soli quaerundas dares, lepidiores ad hanc rem quam ego dabo,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206:

    meliorem neque tu reperis, neque Sol videt,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

    at vigiles mundi... Sol et Luna,

    Lucr. 5, 1435:

    si hoc uno quicquam Sol vidisset iniquius,

    Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28:

    O Solem ipsum beatissimum, qui antequam se abderet fugientem vidit Antonium,

    id. Phil. 14, 10, 27:

    Solem consule, qui late facta diurna videt,

    Ov. F. 4, 582:

    quis Solem fallere possit?

    id. A. A. 2, 573; cf. Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 21; Sen. Herc. Fur. 595.—Hence represented as betrayer of conspiracies: propiusque honos [p. 1718] Boli, qui occulta conjurationis retexisset, Tac. A. 15, 74;

    to him was commended the detection of murderers, in inscriptions over the slain: SOL, TIBI COMMENDO QVI MANVS INTVLIT EI,

    Inscr. Orell. 4791:

    SOL, TV INDICES EIVS MORTEM,

    ib. 4792.—
    C.
    Poet., to describe the times of the day: solverat flagrantes Sol pronus equos, = it was night, Stat. Th. 3, 408: Sol operum medius summo librabat Olympo Lucentes, ceu staret, equos, = it was mid-day, id. ib. 5, 85.
    IV.
    In gen., solis as an appellation.
    A.
    DIES SOLIS, Sunday (late Lat.), Inscr. Orell. 508.—
    B.
    Solis gemma, a precious stone, Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—
    C.
    Solis insula, off the coast of Gedrosia, Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 86; 6, 23, 26, § 97.—
    D.
    Solis fons, in Marmorica, Curt. 4, 7, 22; Mela, 1, 8, 1; Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 31.—
    E.
    Solis promunturium, in Africa, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 9.—
    F.
    Solis oppidum, a town in Ægina, Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 61.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sol

  • 8 Mars

    Mars (archaic and poet. Māvors, q. v.), Martis (collat. reduplic. form Marmar, in the Song of the Arval Brothers; v. the following, and Mamers), m. [root mar-, gleam; Sanscr. marīkis, beam of light; hence Mars, the bright god; cf.: marmor, mare], Mars, who, as father of Romulus, was the primogenitor of the Roman people, the god of war, of husbandry, of shepherds and seers. For him was named the month of Martius, March, the beginning of the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 73 sqq.:

    legio Martia... ab eo deo, a quo populum Romanum generatum accepimus,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5:

    Mars pater te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens propitius mihi, etc.,... ut tu morbos visos invisosque viduertatem vastitudinemque, calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 141, 2; cf., in the Song of the Arval Brothers, NEVE LVERVE MARMAR SINS INCVRRERE IN PLEORIS;

    for Mars pater, the forms Marspiter, gen. Marspitris, or -tĕris, and Maspiter were also employed,

    Gell. 5, 12, 5; Macr. S. 1, 12; 19; Varr. L. L. 8, § 33 Müll.; 9, § 75; 10, § 65; Prisc. p. 695:

    Mars Gradivus, Quirinus, Silvanus, Ultor, v. under h. vv.: Mars durus,

    Verg. E 10, 44:

    torvus,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 17:

    cruentus,

    id. ib. 2, 14, 13:

    ferus,

    Ov. H. 7, 160; id. F. 4, 25:

    ferox,

    id. M. 13, 11:

    bellicus,

    id. F. 3, 1:

    fortibus sane oculis Cassius (Martem spirare dicens) se in Siciliam non iturum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 11. The Salii were destined for his service, Liv. 1, 20, 4; horses and bulls were offered to him, Paul. ex Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Ov. H. 6, 10; Macr. S. 3, 10, 4:

    per Martem, a soldier's oath,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 21. He was often appealed to in oaths, etc., esp. by soldiers:

    Nam neque Duellona mi umquam neque Mars creduat, ni, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 8; id. Mil. 1, 1, 11; id. Truc. 3, 1, 11.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    War, battle, a conflict, engagement, contest, etc.; also the art of war: cum veter occubuit Priamus sub Marte Pelasgo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

    Martem accendere cantu,

    to incite to battle, Verg. A. 6, 165:

    apertus,

    fighting in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 27: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. to fight both in their own fashion (on horseback) and in one which was strange to them (on foot), Liv. 3, 62, 9:

    pugna jam in manus, jam in gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat,

    id. 2, 46, 3:

    terribili Marte ululare,

    Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 19:

    captam sine Marte,

    Stat. Ach. 1, 401:

    quos amisimus cives, eos Martis vis perculit, non ira victoriae,

    Cic. Marcell. 6, 17.— Poet.:

    Mars forensis,

    a contest in the forum, legal contest, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

    et fora Marte suo litigiosa vacent,

    id. F. 4, 188.—Hence, prov.: suo (nostro, vestro) Marte, by one's own exertions, without the assistance of others:

    rex ipse suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95; id. Off. 3, 7, 34:

    cum vos vestro Marte his rebus omnibus abundetis,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 9.—
    B.
    The issue of a war or a battle, the fortune of war:

    cum omnis belli Mars communis, et cum semper incerti exitus proeliorum sint,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: communis adhuc Mars belli erat, Liv. 10, 28:

    aequo Marte,

    with equal advantage, on equal terms, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 3; 8, 19, 2; Curt. 4, 1, 8:

    pari Marte,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

    aequato Marte,

    Liv. 1, 25:

    verso Marte ( = versā fortunā),

    id. 29, 3, 11:

    vario Marte pugnatum est,

    Quint. 8, 6, 24:

    incerto Marte,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    anceps,

    Liv. 7, 29, 2; 21, 1, 2:

    dubius,

    Vell. 2, 55, 3.—
    C.
    The planet Mars: Jovis stellae proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, quae stella Martis appellatur, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53; 2, 46, 119; Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 34; 2, 15, 12, § 60; Hyg. Astr. 2, 42:

    Martis sidus,

    Cassiod. Var. 11, 36.—Hence,
    III.
    Mar-tĭus ( Māvortĭus, v. infra), a, um, adj.
    a.
    Of or belonging to Mars:

    lupus,

    sacred to Mars, Verg. A. 9, 566; cf.: Martius lupus, integer et intactus, gentis nos Martiae et conditoris nostri admonuit, descended from Mars (since Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus), Liv. 10, 27:

    legio,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 6; 4, 2, 5:

    miles,

    Ov. M. 14, 798:

    proles,

    i. e. Romulus and Remus, id. F. 3, 59:

    anguis,

    sacred to Mars, id. M. 3, 32:

    judicium,

    i. e. of the Areopagus at Athens, App. M. 10, p. 718 Oud.: Campus;

    v. campus: harena,

    a place in the Circus where the gladiators fought, Ov. Tr. 2, 282; Mart. 2, 75, 8:

    gramen,

    i. e. the Field of Mars, Hor. C. 3, 7, 26: Martius mensis, the month of March, formerly the first month of the year, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13:

    Martii Calendis,

    Hor. C. 3, 8, 1: Idus Martiae, the Ides of March, famous as the day on which Julius Cæsar was killed, Cic. Att. 14, 4, 2; cf. 14, 20, 1 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 35, 88; id. Fam. 10, 28, 1.— In the form Mavortius ( poet.):

    moenia,

    i. e. Rome, Verg. A. 1, 276:

    tellus,

    i. e. Thrace, id. G. 4, 462:

    conjux,

    i. e. Venus, Val. Fl. 2, 208:

    proles,

    i. e. the Thebans, Ov. M. 3, 531; cf.:

    seges belli (because sprung from the dragon's teeth),

    Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 135.—
    b.
    Transf.
    1.
    Warlike, martial:

    Martia Penthesilea,

    Verg. A. 11, 661:

    Martia saeculi voluptas,

    Mart. 5, 24, 1:

    Martius aeris rauci canor,

    Verg. G. 4, 71:

    vulnera,

    id. A. 7, 182:

    Thebe,

    i. e. where many wars were carried on, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33.—
    2.
    Of or belonging to the planet Mars:

    ille fulgor rutilus, horribilisque terris, quem Martium dicitis,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—As subst.: Mar-tĭus, ii, m. (sc. mensis), March, the month of March:

    Mensium nomina fere aperta sunt, si a Martio, ut antiqui constituerunt, numeres, Nam primus a Marte,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 4, § 33.—
    IV.
    Martĭālis, e, adj.
    A.
    Of or belonging to Mars: Flamen, Varr L. L. 5, § 84 Müll.;

    7, § 45 ib.: lupus,

    sacred to Mars, Hor. C. 1, 17, 9:

    ludi,

    in honor of Mars, Suet. Claud. 1: Martialis collis, near the temple of Deus Fidius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.— Subst.: Martĭālis, is, m., a priest of Mars:

    Martiales quidam Larini appellabantur, ministri publici Martis,

    Cic. Clu. 15, 43.—
    B.
    Belonging to the legio Martia; hence, Martĭāles, the soldiers of the legio Martia, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Mars

  • 9 Martiales

    Mars (archaic and poet. Māvors, q. v.), Martis (collat. reduplic. form Marmar, in the Song of the Arval Brothers; v. the following, and Mamers), m. [root mar-, gleam; Sanscr. marīkis, beam of light; hence Mars, the bright god; cf.: marmor, mare], Mars, who, as father of Romulus, was the primogenitor of the Roman people, the god of war, of husbandry, of shepherds and seers. For him was named the month of Martius, March, the beginning of the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 73 sqq.:

    legio Martia... ab eo deo, a quo populum Romanum generatum accepimus,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5:

    Mars pater te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens propitius mihi, etc.,... ut tu morbos visos invisosque viduertatem vastitudinemque, calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 141, 2; cf., in the Song of the Arval Brothers, NEVE LVERVE MARMAR SINS INCVRRERE IN PLEORIS;

    for Mars pater, the forms Marspiter, gen. Marspitris, or -tĕris, and Maspiter were also employed,

    Gell. 5, 12, 5; Macr. S. 1, 12; 19; Varr. L. L. 8, § 33 Müll.; 9, § 75; 10, § 65; Prisc. p. 695:

    Mars Gradivus, Quirinus, Silvanus, Ultor, v. under h. vv.: Mars durus,

    Verg. E 10, 44:

    torvus,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 17:

    cruentus,

    id. ib. 2, 14, 13:

    ferus,

    Ov. H. 7, 160; id. F. 4, 25:

    ferox,

    id. M. 13, 11:

    bellicus,

    id. F. 3, 1:

    fortibus sane oculis Cassius (Martem spirare dicens) se in Siciliam non iturum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 11. The Salii were destined for his service, Liv. 1, 20, 4; horses and bulls were offered to him, Paul. ex Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Ov. H. 6, 10; Macr. S. 3, 10, 4:

    per Martem, a soldier's oath,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 21. He was often appealed to in oaths, etc., esp. by soldiers:

    Nam neque Duellona mi umquam neque Mars creduat, ni, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 8; id. Mil. 1, 1, 11; id. Truc. 3, 1, 11.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    War, battle, a conflict, engagement, contest, etc.; also the art of war: cum veter occubuit Priamus sub Marte Pelasgo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

    Martem accendere cantu,

    to incite to battle, Verg. A. 6, 165:

    apertus,

    fighting in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 27: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. to fight both in their own fashion (on horseback) and in one which was strange to them (on foot), Liv. 3, 62, 9:

    pugna jam in manus, jam in gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat,

    id. 2, 46, 3:

    terribili Marte ululare,

    Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 19:

    captam sine Marte,

    Stat. Ach. 1, 401:

    quos amisimus cives, eos Martis vis perculit, non ira victoriae,

    Cic. Marcell. 6, 17.— Poet.:

    Mars forensis,

    a contest in the forum, legal contest, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

    et fora Marte suo litigiosa vacent,

    id. F. 4, 188.—Hence, prov.: suo (nostro, vestro) Marte, by one's own exertions, without the assistance of others:

    rex ipse suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95; id. Off. 3, 7, 34:

    cum vos vestro Marte his rebus omnibus abundetis,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 9.—
    B.
    The issue of a war or a battle, the fortune of war:

    cum omnis belli Mars communis, et cum semper incerti exitus proeliorum sint,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: communis adhuc Mars belli erat, Liv. 10, 28:

    aequo Marte,

    with equal advantage, on equal terms, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 3; 8, 19, 2; Curt. 4, 1, 8:

    pari Marte,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

    aequato Marte,

    Liv. 1, 25:

    verso Marte ( = versā fortunā),

    id. 29, 3, 11:

    vario Marte pugnatum est,

    Quint. 8, 6, 24:

    incerto Marte,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    anceps,

    Liv. 7, 29, 2; 21, 1, 2:

    dubius,

    Vell. 2, 55, 3.—
    C.
    The planet Mars: Jovis stellae proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, quae stella Martis appellatur, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53; 2, 46, 119; Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 34; 2, 15, 12, § 60; Hyg. Astr. 2, 42:

    Martis sidus,

    Cassiod. Var. 11, 36.—Hence,
    III.
    Mar-tĭus ( Māvortĭus, v. infra), a, um, adj.
    a.
    Of or belonging to Mars:

    lupus,

    sacred to Mars, Verg. A. 9, 566; cf.: Martius lupus, integer et intactus, gentis nos Martiae et conditoris nostri admonuit, descended from Mars (since Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus), Liv. 10, 27:

    legio,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 6; 4, 2, 5:

    miles,

    Ov. M. 14, 798:

    proles,

    i. e. Romulus and Remus, id. F. 3, 59:

    anguis,

    sacred to Mars, id. M. 3, 32:

    judicium,

    i. e. of the Areopagus at Athens, App. M. 10, p. 718 Oud.: Campus;

    v. campus: harena,

    a place in the Circus where the gladiators fought, Ov. Tr. 2, 282; Mart. 2, 75, 8:

    gramen,

    i. e. the Field of Mars, Hor. C. 3, 7, 26: Martius mensis, the month of March, formerly the first month of the year, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13:

    Martii Calendis,

    Hor. C. 3, 8, 1: Idus Martiae, the Ides of March, famous as the day on which Julius Cæsar was killed, Cic. Att. 14, 4, 2; cf. 14, 20, 1 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 35, 88; id. Fam. 10, 28, 1.— In the form Mavortius ( poet.):

    moenia,

    i. e. Rome, Verg. A. 1, 276:

    tellus,

    i. e. Thrace, id. G. 4, 462:

    conjux,

    i. e. Venus, Val. Fl. 2, 208:

    proles,

    i. e. the Thebans, Ov. M. 3, 531; cf.:

    seges belli (because sprung from the dragon's teeth),

    Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 135.—
    b.
    Transf.
    1.
    Warlike, martial:

    Martia Penthesilea,

    Verg. A. 11, 661:

    Martia saeculi voluptas,

    Mart. 5, 24, 1:

    Martius aeris rauci canor,

    Verg. G. 4, 71:

    vulnera,

    id. A. 7, 182:

    Thebe,

    i. e. where many wars were carried on, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33.—
    2.
    Of or belonging to the planet Mars:

    ille fulgor rutilus, horribilisque terris, quem Martium dicitis,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—As subst.: Mar-tĭus, ii, m. (sc. mensis), March, the month of March:

    Mensium nomina fere aperta sunt, si a Martio, ut antiqui constituerunt, numeres, Nam primus a Marte,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 4, § 33.—
    IV.
    Martĭālis, e, adj.
    A.
    Of or belonging to Mars: Flamen, Varr L. L. 5, § 84 Müll.;

    7, § 45 ib.: lupus,

    sacred to Mars, Hor. C. 1, 17, 9:

    ludi,

    in honor of Mars, Suet. Claud. 1: Martialis collis, near the temple of Deus Fidius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.— Subst.: Martĭālis, is, m., a priest of Mars:

    Martiales quidam Larini appellabantur, ministri publici Martis,

    Cic. Clu. 15, 43.—
    B.
    Belonging to the legio Martia; hence, Martĭāles, the soldiers of the legio Martia, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Martiales

  • 10 Helena

    Hĕlĕna, ae, or Hĕlĕnē, ēs, f., = Helenê.
    I.
    Daughter of Jupiler and Leda, sister of Castor and Pollux and of Clytemnestra, and wife of Menelaüs, who, on account of her beauty, was carried off by Paris to Troy, and thus became the cause of the Trojan war, Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 55; Verg. A. 7, 364; Ov. M. 13, 200; 14, 669; Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 32; 3, 14 (4, 13), 19; Hor. C. 1, 3, 2; 4, 9, 16; id. S. 1, 3, 107; Hyg. Fab. 81 and 118:

    Penelope venit, abit Helene,

    a Helen, Mart. 1, 62, 6.—
    B.
    Transf., in naut. lang., a single star appearing to mariners, which was regarded as an unfavorable prognostic; while a double light, which was conceived to be favorable, was called Castor and Pollux, Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; cf. Stat. Th. 7, 792; id. S. 3, 2, 11.—
    II.
    The surname of the mother of the emperor Constantine, Eutr. 10, 5; Aur. Vict. Epit. 41; Inscr. Grut. 284, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Helena

  • 11 Helene

    Hĕlĕna, ae, or Hĕlĕnē, ēs, f., = Helenê.
    I.
    Daughter of Jupiler and Leda, sister of Castor and Pollux and of Clytemnestra, and wife of Menelaüs, who, on account of her beauty, was carried off by Paris to Troy, and thus became the cause of the Trojan war, Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 55; Verg. A. 7, 364; Ov. M. 13, 200; 14, 669; Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 32; 3, 14 (4, 13), 19; Hor. C. 1, 3, 2; 4, 9, 16; id. S. 1, 3, 107; Hyg. Fab. 81 and 118:

    Penelope venit, abit Helene,

    a Helen, Mart. 1, 62, 6.—
    B.
    Transf., in naut. lang., a single star appearing to mariners, which was regarded as an unfavorable prognostic; while a double light, which was conceived to be favorable, was called Castor and Pollux, Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; cf. Stat. Th. 7, 792; id. S. 3, 2, 11.—
    II.
    The surname of the mother of the emperor Constantine, Eutr. 10, 5; Aur. Vict. Epit. 41; Inscr. Grut. 284, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Helene

  • 12 fax

        fax facis, f    [1 FAC-], a torch, firebrand, flambeau, link: faces de muro eminus iaciebant, Cs.: faces undique ex agris conlectae, L.: ambulare cum facibus, H.: faces iam accensas ad urbis incendium exstinxi: ardens: faces ferro inspicare, V.: dilapsa in cineres fax, H.: arcana, i. e. carried in the Eleusinian mysteries, Iu.— A nuptial-torch (carried in the wedding procession): novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor, V.: face nuptiali digna, i. e. of marriage, H.: nuptiales: maritae, O.— A funeral-torch (with which the pyre was kindled): Funereas rapuere faces, V.—As an attribute of Cupid, the torch of love, O., Tb., Pr.—As an attribute of the Furies, the torch of wrath: madefacta sanguine, O.—Of the heavenly bodies, a light, orb: Phoebi fax, C. poët.— A fiery meteor, fire-ball, shooling-star, comet: visae nocturno tempore faces: Stella facem ducens, i. e. a torch-like train, V.: stellae, a comet, L.: faces visae ardere sub astris, meteors, O.—Fig., a torch, light: facem praeferre pudendis, i. e. make deeds of shame conspicuous, Iu.: studii mei, guide, O.: adulescentulo ad libidinem facem praeferre.— A torch, fire, flame, incitement, stimulus, cause of ruin, destruction: corporis facibus inflammari ad cupiditates: me torret face mutuā Calais, flame of love, H.: dicendi faces, flaming eloquence: subicere faces invidiae alicuius: inde faces ardent (a dote), Iu.: Antonius incendiorum, instigator: belli, L.
    * * *
    torch, firebrand, fire; flame of love; torment

    Latin-English dictionary > fax

  • 13 aura

    aura, ae ( gen. sing. aurāï, Verg. A. 6, 747; v. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 11; also, auras, like familias, custodias, terras, etc.; Servius gives this in Verg. A. 11, 801; still all the MSS. give aurae, and so Rib.), f., = aura [AÔ, auô, to blow].
    I.
    The air, as in gentle motion, a gentle breeze, a breath of air (syn.:

    aër, ventus, spiritus): agitatus aër auram facit,

    Isid. Orig. 13, 11, 17: semper aër spiritu aliquo movetur;

    frequentius tamen auras quam ventos habet,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 5:

    flatus, qui non aura, non procella, sed venti sunt,

    Plin. 2, 45, 45, § 116:

    et me... nunc omnes terrent aurae,

    now every breeze terrifies me, Verg. A. 2, 728:

    Concutiat tenerum quaelibet aura,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 650.— Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In gen., a breeze, a wind (even when violent):

    Et reserata viget genitabilis aura Favoni,

    Lucr. 1, 11; cf.: Aura parit flores tepidi fecunda Favoni. Cat. 64, 282:

    omnes, Aspice, ventosi ceciderunt murmuris aurae,

    Verg. E. 9, 58:

    aurae Vela vocant,

    id. A. 3, 356:

    aura post meridiem,

    Vulg. Gen. 3, 8:

    aura tenuis,

    ib. 3 Reg. 19, 12:

    lenis, ib. Job, 4, 16: petulans,

    Lucr. 6, 111:

    ignarae,

    brutish, Cat. 64, 164, ubi v. Ellis:

    rapida,

    Ov. M. 3, 209:

    stridens,

    Val. Fl. 2, 586:

    violentior,

    Stat. Th. 6, 157:

    aurae flatus,

    Vulg. Act. 27, 40:

    omnes eos tollet aura,

    ib. Isa. 57, 13 et saep.—Also breath:

    flammas exsuscitat aura,

    Ov. F. 5, 507.—
    B.
    Trop.: dum flavit velis aura secunda meis, while a favorable breeze breathed on my sails, i. e. so long as I was in prosperity, Ov. P. 2, 3, 26:

    totam opinionem parva non numquam commutat aura rumoris,

    Cic. Mur. 17:

    tenuis famae aura,

    Verg. A. 7, 646:

    quem neque periculi tempestas neque honoris aura potuit umquam de suo cursu aut spe aut metu demovere,

    Cic. Sest. 47 fin.:

    levi aurā spei objectā,

    Liv. 42, 39, 1:

    sperat sibi auram posse aliquam adflari in hoc crimine voluntatis defensionisque eorum, quibus, etc.,

    token of favor, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 13:

    nescius aurae (sc. amoris) Fallacis,

    Hor. C. 1, 5, 11:

    incerta Cupidinis aura,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 33.—Hence freq. aura popularis, the popular breeze, popular favor, Cic. Har. Resp. 20 fin.; Liv. 3, 33, 7; 30, 45, 6 al.; Hor. C. 3, 2, 20; Quint. 11, 1, 45 (cf.:

    ventus popularis,

    Cic. Clu. 47, 130); so,

    aura favoris popularis,

    Liv. 22, 26, 4.—Also in plur.:

    nimium gaudens popularibus auris,

    Verg. A. 6, 816; and absol.:

    adliciendo ad se plebem jam aurā non consilio ferri,

    Liv. 6, 11, 7.—
    C.
    1.. The air (mostly poet. and plur.):

    cum Nubila portabunt venti transversa per auras,

    Lucr. 6, 190:

    Tenvis enim quaedam moribundos deserit aura,

    id. 3, 232:

    Aurarumque leves animae calidique vapores,

    id. 5, 236:

    (anima) discedit in auras,

    id. 3, 400; 6, 1129 et saep.—Hence, aurae aëris or aëriae aurae freq. in Lucr.: (res) Aëris in teneras possint proferrier auras, 1, 207; 1, 783; 1, 801; 1, 803; 1, 1087; 2, 203; 3, 456; 3, 570; 3, 591;

    4, 693: liquidissimus aether Atque levissimus aërias super influit auras,

    id. 5, 501; 1, 771; 4, 933:

    Nulla nec aërias volucris perlabitur auras,

    Tib. 4, 1, 127:

    Qui tamen aërias telum contorsit in auras,

    Verg. A. 5, 520.—
    2.
    Esp., the vital air:

    Vivit et aetherias vitalīs suscipit auras,

    breathes a breath of ethereal air, Lucr. 3, 405;

    imitated by Verg.: haud invisus caelestibus auras Vitales carpis, A. 1, 387: vesci vitalibus auris, i. e. vivere,

    Lucr. 5, 857; imitated by Verg., A. 1, 546, and 3, 339; so,

    haurire auram communem,

    Quint. 6, prooem. §

    12: captare naribus auras,

    to snuff the air, Verg. G. 1, 376.— Trop.: libertatis auram captare, to catch at the air of freedom, i. e. to seize upon any hope of liberty, Liv 3, 37, 1.—
    3.
    Meton.
    a.
    The upper air, Heaven, on high:

    assurgere in auras,

    Verg. G. 3, 109; so id. A. 4, 176:

    dum se laetus ad auras Palmes agit,

    id. G. 2, 363:

    ad auras Aetherias tendit,

    id. ib. 2, 291; so id. A. 4, 445: stat ferrea turris ad auras, poet. for ad alta, rises high, id. ib. 6, 554: Sorbet in abruptum fluctus, rursusque sub auras Erigit alternos, id. ib. 3, 422; 7, 466; 2, 759; 5, 427 al.; cf. Wagner, Quaest. Verg. X. 1.—
    b.
    In opp. to the lower world, the upper world (cf. aether, I. B. 3.):

    Eurydice superas veniebat ad auras,

    Verg. G. 4, 486; so id. A. 6, 128:

    Ortygiam, quae me superas eduxit prima sub auras,

    Ov. M. 5, 641; 10, 11 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 481: ad superos);

    so of childbirth: pondus in auras expulit,

    Ov. M. 9, 704.—In gen. for publicity, daylight:

    ferre sub auras,

    i. e. to make known, Verg. A. 2, 158:

    reddere ad auras,

    to restore, id. ib. 2, 259: fugere auras, to seclude or hide one ' s self, id. ib. 4, 388.—
    D.
    Transf. to other atmospheric objects which exert an influence on bodies, as light, heat, sound, vapor, etc.
    1.
    A bright light, a gleam, glittering (cf. phaeos aütmê, Callim. Hymn. Dian. 117):

    discolor unde auri per ramos aura refulsit,

    Verg. A. 6, 204 (splendor auri, Serv.).—
    2.
    The warmth of sunlight: solis calidior visa est aura, Varr. ap. Non. p. 275, 25.—
    3.
    Sound, tone, voice, echo:

    Si modo damnatum revocaverit aura puellae,

    Prop. 3, 23, 15:

    at illi Nomen ab extremis fontibus aura refert,

    id. 1, 20, 50.—
    4.
    Vapor, mist, odor, exhalation:

    inolentis olivi Naturam, nullam quae mittat naribus auram,

    Lucr. 2, 851:

    at illi Dulcis compositis spiravit crinibus aura,

    a sweet odor exhaled, Verg. G. 4, 417; so Mart. 3, 65; Val. Fl. 5, 589; cf. Heins. ad Ov. M. 15, 394:

    si tantum notas odor attulit auras,

    Verg. G. 3, 251:

    pingues ab ovilibus aurae,

    Stat. Th. 10, 46.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aura

  • 14 malus

    1.
    mălus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. mala, dirt; Gr. melas, black; cf. macula; Germ. mal in Mutter-mal, etc.].— Comp.: pējor, pejus.— Sup.: pessimus, a, um, bad, in the widest sense of the word (opp. bonus), evil, wicked, injurious, destructive, mischievous, hurtful; of personal appearance, ill-looking, ugly, deformed; of weight, bad, light; of fate, evil, unlucky, etc.:

    malus et nequam homo,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 1:

    pessima puella,

    Cat. 36, 9; 55, 10:

    delituit mala,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 9:

    philosophi minime mali illi quidem, sed non satis acuti,

    Cic. Off. 3, 9, 23:

    malam opinionem habere de aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 24, § 59:

    consuetudo,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 36:

    conscientia,

    Quint. 12, 1, 3:

    mens,

    id. ib.:

    mores,

    Sall. C. 18:

    fures,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 77:

    Furiae,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 135:

    virus,

    Verg. G. 1, 129:

    cicuta,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 56:

    libido,

    Liv. 1, 57:

    falx,

    Verg. E. 3, 11:

    gramina,

    id. A. 2, 471: carmen, i. e. an incantation, Leg. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17:

    abi in malam rem,

    go and be hanged! Ter. And. 2, 1, 17:

    pugna,

    unsuccessful, adverse, Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54; Sall. J. 56:

    avis,

    i. e. ill-boding, Hor. C. 1, 15, 5; cf. id. ib. 3, 6, 46:

    ales,

    id. Epod. 10, 1: aetas, burdensome, i. e. senectus, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 4:

    haud mala est mulier,

    not badlooking, id. Bacch. 5, 2, 42:

    facies,

    Quint. 6, 3, 32; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43:

    crus,

    i. e. deformed, Hor. S. 1, 2, 102:

    pondus,

    i. e. light, deficient, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 156.—Of the sick:

    in malis aeger est,

    in great danger, Cels. 3, 15 fin.:

    tempus a quo omnis aeger pejor fiat,

    id. 3, 5 med.:

    eo tempore fere pessimi sunt qui aegrotant,

    id. ib. —In neutr. sing., as adv.:

    ne gallina malum responset dura palato,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 18.— Comp.: pejor, worse:

    via,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 96.—Hence,
    1.
    mă-lum, i, n., any thing bad, an evil, mischief, misfortune, calamity, etc.
    A.
    In gen.:

    orarem, ut ei, quod posses mali facere, faceres,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 25:

    quam sit bellum, cavere malum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:

    nihil enim mali accidisse Scipioni puto,

    id. Lael. 3, 10:

    hostes inopinato malo turbati,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12:

    externum, i. e. bellum,

    Nep. Hamilc. 21:

    ne in cotidianam id malum vertat, i. e. febris,

    Cels. 3, 15:

    hoc malo domitos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 34, 11.—
    B.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Punishment; hurt, harm, severity, injury:

    malo domandam tribuniciam potestatem,

    Liv. 2, 54, 10:

    malo exercitum coërcere,

    Sall. J. 100, 5:

    sine malo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 81; so Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 45; Liv. 4, 49, 11:

    vi, malo, plagis adductus est, ut frumenti daret,

    ill-usage, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:

    amanti amoenitas malo est: nobis lucro est,

    is hurtful, injurious, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 5:

    clementiam illi malo fuisse,

    was injurious, unfortunate, Cic. Att. 14, 22, 1: malo hercle magno suo convivat sine modo, to his own [p. 1105] hurt, Enn. ap. Non. 474, 23 (Sat. v. 1 Vahl.):

    olet homo quidam malo suo,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 165:

    male merenti bona es: at malo cum tuo,

    to your own hurt, id. As. 1, 3, 3.—
    (β).
    Wrong-doing:

    causae, quae numquam malo defuturae sunt, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 3: sperans famam exstingui veterum sic posse malorum,

    Verg. A. 6, 527; Anthol. Lat. 1, 178.—
    (γ).
    As a term of abuse, plague, mischief, torment:

    quid tu, malum, me sequere?

    Plaut. Cas. 1, 3:

    qui, malum, alii?

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10:

    quae, malum, est ista tanta audacia?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 54; so id. Off. 2, 15, 53; Curt. 8, 14, 41.—
    (δ).
    As an exclamation, alas! misery! Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 16; id. Men. 2, 3, 37 Brix ad loc.—
    2.
    măle, adv., badly, ill, wrongly, wickedly, unfortunately, erroneously, improperly, etc.: dubitas, quin lubenter tuo ero meus, quod possiet facere, faciat male? will do all the harm to him, etc., Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 66: si iste Italiam relinquet, faciet omnino male, et, ut ego existimo, alogistôs, will act altogether unwisely, Attic. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10:

    di isti Segulio male faciant,

    do harm to him, punish him, Cic. Fam. 11, 21, 1:

    o factum male de Alexione!

    id. Att. 15, 1, 1:

    male velle alicui,

    to wish ill, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 13:

    Karthagini male jamdiu cogitanti bellum multo ante denuntio, cogitare de aliquo,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 18:

    male loqui,

    id. Rosc. Am. 48:

    male loqui alicui, for maledicere,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 25:

    male accipere verbis aliquem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 140:

    equitatu agmen adversariorum, male habere,

    to harass, annoy, Caes. B. C. 1, 63:

    hoc male habet virum,

    annoys, vexes him, Ter. And. 2, 6, 5:

    male se habere,

    to feel ill, dejected, low-spirited, id. Eun. 4, 2, 6:

    male est animo,

    it vexes me, id. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

    male est animo,

    I feel unwell, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 33:

    male fit animo,

    I am beginning to feel bad, am getting unwell, id. Rud. 2, 6, 26: L. Antonio male sit, si quidem, etc., evil betide him! (a formula of imprecation), Cic. Att. 15, 15, 1:

    quae res tibi vertat male,

    much harm may it do you! Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 37:

    male tibi esse malo quam molliter,

    I would rather you should be unfortunate than effeminate, Sen. Ep. 82, 1:

    proelium male pugnatum,

    unsuccessfully, Sall. J. 54, 7:

    ea quae male empta sunt,

    at a bad bargain, Cic. Att. 2, 4, 1:

    male vendere,

    at a sacrifice, id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

    male reprehendunt praemeditationem rerum futurarum,

    id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34:

    male tegere mutationem fortunae,

    Tac. H. 1, 66:

    male sustinere arma,

    unskilfully, Liv. 1, 25, 12: non dubito, quin me male oderit, i. e. very much, intensely, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2:

    male metuo, ne, etc.,

    exceedingly, much, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 2:

    rauci,

    miserably, Hor. S. 1, 4, 66.—

    When attached to an adjective, it freq. gives it the opposite meaning: male sanus = insanus,

    insane, deranged, Cic. Att. 9, 15, 5:

    male sana,

    with mind disturbed, Verg. A. 4, 8:

    gratus,

    i. e. ungrateful, Ov. H. 7, 27:

    male fidas provincias,

    unfaithful, Tac. H. 1, 17:

    statio male fida carinis,

    unsafe, Verg. A. 2, 23.— Comp.:

    oderam multo pejus hunc quam illum ipsum Clodium,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3; cf.:

    pejusque leto flagitium timet,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 50; and:

    cane pejus vitabit chlamydem,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 30.
    2.
    mālus, i, f., Gr. mêlea, an appletree:

    malus bifera,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7:

    et steriles platani malos gessere valentes,

    Verg. G. 2, 70:

    malus granata,

    the pomegranate, Isid. 17, 7, 6:

    felices arbores putantur esse quercus...malus, etc.,

    Macr. S. 3, 20, 2.
    3.
    mālus, i, m. [by some referred to root mac-; Gr. makros; Lat. magnus; but perh. the same word with 2. malus], an upright mast, pole, or beam.
    I.
    In gen.:

    malos exaequantes altitudinem jugi surrexit,

    Front. Strat. 3, 8, 3.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    A mast of a ship:

    ut si qui gubernatorem in navigando agere nihil dicant, cum alii malos scandant, etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 17:

    malum erigi, vela fieri imperavit,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

    attolli malos,

    Verg. A. 5, 829:

    malo suspendit ab alto,

    id. ib. 5, 489:

    saucius,

    injured, Hor. C. 1, 14, 5.—
    B.
    A standard or pole, to which the awnings spread over the theatre were attached, Lucr. 6, 110; Liv. 39, 7, 8.—
    C.
    The beam in the middle of a wine-press, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—
    D.
    The corner beams of a tower:

    turrium mali,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 22, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > malus

  • 15 obstruo

    ob-strŭo ( opstr-), xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to build before or against; to build, block, or wall up; to stop up, barricade, render impassable (class.; cf. obsaepio, claudo, oppilo).
    I.
    Lit.:

    validum pro diruto obstruentes murum,

    Liv. 38, 29:

    frontem castrorum auxiliis,

    id. 5, 1.—Esp., to build before so as to obstruct the light:

    obstructae fenestrae,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 4:

    FENESTRAS OPSTRVITO, Lex. Puteol. ap. Grut. 207, 2: luminibus alicujus,

    Cic. Dom. 44: jus luminum obstruendorum redimere, to purchase permission of a neighbor to build so as to obstruct his light, Inscr. Guarin. Comment. in Vet. Monument. 1, p. 64:

    portas,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 27: valvas aedis. Nep. Paus. 5:

    aditus,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 16:

    flumina,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 48:

    aquarum venas,

    Plin. 31, 3, 28, § 49:

    saxa,

    placed in the way, Ov. M. 3, 570:

    cujus aures morbus obstruxit,

    has stopped up, made deaf, Sen. Ben. 3, 17, 2:

    os obstruere,

    to close the mouth, to make silent, Vulg. Psa. 62, 12; id. Rom. 3, 19.—
    II.
    Trop., to stop up, hinder, impede, obstruct:

    Catonis luminibus obstruxit haec posteriorum quasi exaggerata altius oratio,

    was a hinderance to, Cic. Brut. 17, 66:

    viri deus obstruit aures,

    stops, renders deaf, inexorable, Verg. A. 4, 440:

    perfugia improborum,

    shuts off, Cic. Sull. 28, 79:

    cognitionem difficultatibus,

    to impede, obstruct, id. Ac. 2, 3, 7:

    mentes,

    Tac. H. 3, 21.—
    b.
    Intr., to be in the way:

    si officiens signis mons obstruet altus,

    Cic. Arat. 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > obstruo

  • 16 opstruo

    ob-strŭo ( opstr-), xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to build before or against; to build, block, or wall up; to stop up, barricade, render impassable (class.; cf. obsaepio, claudo, oppilo).
    I.
    Lit.:

    validum pro diruto obstruentes murum,

    Liv. 38, 29:

    frontem castrorum auxiliis,

    id. 5, 1.—Esp., to build before so as to obstruct the light:

    obstructae fenestrae,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 4:

    FENESTRAS OPSTRVITO, Lex. Puteol. ap. Grut. 207, 2: luminibus alicujus,

    Cic. Dom. 44: jus luminum obstruendorum redimere, to purchase permission of a neighbor to build so as to obstruct his light, Inscr. Guarin. Comment. in Vet. Monument. 1, p. 64:

    portas,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 27: valvas aedis. Nep. Paus. 5:

    aditus,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 16:

    flumina,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 48:

    aquarum venas,

    Plin. 31, 3, 28, § 49:

    saxa,

    placed in the way, Ov. M. 3, 570:

    cujus aures morbus obstruxit,

    has stopped up, made deaf, Sen. Ben. 3, 17, 2:

    os obstruere,

    to close the mouth, to make silent, Vulg. Psa. 62, 12; id. Rom. 3, 19.—
    II.
    Trop., to stop up, hinder, impede, obstruct:

    Catonis luminibus obstruxit haec posteriorum quasi exaggerata altius oratio,

    was a hinderance to, Cic. Brut. 17, 66:

    viri deus obstruit aures,

    stops, renders deaf, inexorable, Verg. A. 4, 440:

    perfugia improborum,

    shuts off, Cic. Sull. 28, 79:

    cognitionem difficultatibus,

    to impede, obstruct, id. Ac. 2, 3, 7:

    mentes,

    Tac. H. 3, 21.—
    b.
    Intr., to be in the way:

    si officiens signis mons obstruet altus,

    Cic. Arat. 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > opstruo

  • 17 limes

    līmĕs, ĭtis, m. [root in līmus; cf. limen, and Gr. lechris; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5], a cross-path, balk between fields.
    I.
    Lit., the Romans usually had in their fields two broad and two narrower paths; the principal balk from east to west was called limes decumanus; that from north to south was called cardo;

    of the two smaller ones, that running from east to west was called prorus, the other, from north to south, transversus,

    Hyg. de Limit. Const. 18, 33 and 34; Col. 1, 8, 7:

    lutosi limites,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 8. —
    B.
    Transf. (mostly poet.).
    1.
    A boundary, limit between two fields or estates, consisting of a stone or a balk:

    partiri limite campum,

    Verg. G. 1, 126:

    saxum antiquum, ingens, campo quod forte jacebat, Limes agro positus, litem ut discerneret arvis,

    id. A. 12, 897:

    effodit medio de limite saxum,

    Juv. 16, 38.—
    2.
    A fortified boundaryline, a boundary-wall:

    cuncta inter castellum Alisonem ac Rhenum novis limitibus aggeribusque permunita,

    Tac. A. 2, 7:

    limite acto promotisque praesidiis,

    id. G. 29: penetrat interius, aperit limites, Vell. 2, 120.—
    3.
    In gen., any path, passage, road, way; also, by-street, by-road:

    eo limite Athenienses signa extulerunt,

    Liv. 31, 39:

    profectus inde transversis limitibus,

    id. ib.:

    lato te limite ducam,

    Verg. A. 9, 323:

    acclivis,

    Ov. M. 2, 19:

    limite recto fugere,

    id. ib. 7, 782:

    transversi,

    by-roads, Liv. 22, 12, 2 Fabr.; 31, 39, 5; 41, 14 init.: limes Appiae, the line of the Appian street (for the street itself), id. 22, 15, 11:

    limite acto (i. e. facto),

    Tac. G. 29.—

    Of the channel of a stream: solito dum flumina currant Limite,

    Ov. M. 8, 558; Prop. 5, 9, 60.—Of the track of light left behind them by comets, fiery meteors, torches, etc.:

    flammiferumque trahens spatioso limite crinem, Stella micat,

    Ov. M. 15, 849:

    tum longo limite sulcus Dat lucem,

    Verg. A. 2, 697; Plin. 2, 26, 25, § 96:

    sectus in obliquo est lato curvamine limes,

    the zodiac, Ov. M. 2, 130:

    latum per agmen Ardens limitem agit ferro,

    Verg. A. 10, 514; cf. Sil. 4, 463; 9, 379; Stat. Th. 9, 182.—
    4.
    A line or vein in a precious stone:

    nigram materiam distinguente limite albo,

    Plin. 37, 10, 69, § 184.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    A boundary, limit:

    limes carminis,

    Stat. Th. 1, 16:

    aestuat infelix angusto limite mundi,

    Juv. 10, 169.—
    B.
    A distinction, difference:

    judicium brevi limite falle tuum,

    Ov. R. Am. 325:

    quaedam perquam tenui limite dividuntur,

    Quint. 9, 1, 3.—
    C.
    A way, path:

    si maledicitis vostro gradiar limite,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 18:

    bene meritis de patria quasi limes ad caeli aditum patet,

    Cic. Somn. Scip. 8; Sen. Ben. 1, 15, 2:

    eundem limitem agere,

    to go the same way, employ the same means, Ov. A. A. 3, 558.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > limes

  • 18 sisto

    sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

    for steterant,

    Verg. A. 3, 110;

    steterint,

    id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.
    I.
    Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).
    A.
    Causative, with acc.
    1.
    To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

    O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

    Verg. G. 2, 489:

    tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

    id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

    v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

    Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

    jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

    plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

    disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

    Stat. Th. 7, 393:

    (equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

    Verg. A. 2, 245:

    aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

    Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

    victima Sistitur ante aras,

    Ov. M. 15, 132:

    quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

    Verg. A. 8, 85:

    post haec Sistitur crater,

    Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

    cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

    Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —
    2.
    To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

    terrā sistēre petitā,

    id. ib. 3, 635:

    (vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

    Verg. A. 6, 676:

    ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

    to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

    hic siste patrem,

    Sen. Phoen. 121:

    Annam huc siste sororem,

    Verg. A. 4, 634.—
    3.
    To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

    aciem in litore sistit,

    Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

    sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

    Tac. H. 3, 21.—
    4.
    Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

    des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

    Cic. Att. 3, 25:

    te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

    id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

    hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

    Verg. A. 11, 853.—
    5.
    With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

    supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

    I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

    omnia salva sistentur tibi,

    all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

    suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

    id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

    rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

    will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

    neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

    that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

    cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

    Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

    tutum patrio te limine sistam,

    will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

    praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

    Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    Pelasgis siste levem campum,

    Stat. Th. 8, 328:

    modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

    Tac. A. 2, 14:

    operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

    give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—
    b.
    Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

    tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

    id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—
    B.
    As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

    constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

    will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

    ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

    id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

    ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

    to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

    neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

    nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

    at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

    id. 4, 415:

    incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

    to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

    quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

    Ov. M. 1, 307. —
    C.
    As jurid. term.
    1.
    In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

    cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

    Gai. 4, 184:

    fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

    that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

    testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

    id. ib. 6, 25:

    quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

    Liv. 3, 45, 3:

    interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

    Gell. 7, 1, 10:

    si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

    Dig. 2, 11, 11:

    si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

    ib. 2, 9, 5:

    sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

    ib. 2, 9, 6:

    cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

    ib. 2, 6, 4:

    si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

    ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—
    2.
    Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

    vadimonium sistit,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

    ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

    Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—
    D.
    Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

    ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

    tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

    produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

    nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

    vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

    Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —
    E.
    Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

    sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

    Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

    apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

    the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—
    F.
    Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

    mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

    Tac. A. 15, 72:

    cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

    id. ib. 4 37:

    at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

    id. ib. 15, 18:

    monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

    id. H. 4, 53:

    sistere monumenta,

    Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.
    II.
    Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.
    A.
    Causative (rare;

    perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

    Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

    v. sto),

    Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

    non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

    Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—
    B.
    Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

    nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

    Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—
    2.
    Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

    nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

    Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

    donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

    Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.
    III.
    Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.
    A.
    Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).
    a.
    To stand still:

    solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

    Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

    sistunt amnes,

    Verg. G. 1, 479:

    incurrit, errat, sistit,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—
    b.
    To remain, stop:

    Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

    Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

    vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

    will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—
    c.
    Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

    depunge, ubi sistam,

    Pers. 6, 79:

    nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

    to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—
    d.
    To cease (dub.):

    hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

    if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—
    B.
    Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).
    1.
    To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.
    a.
    With gradum:

    plano sistit uterque gradum,

    arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

    siste properantem gradum,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

    repente sistunt gradum,

    Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—
    b.
    With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

    fugam foedam siste,

    Liv. 1, 12, 5:

    si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

    id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    c.
    Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

    esseda siste,

    Prop. 2, 1, 76:

    equos,

    Verg. A. 12, 355:

    quadrijugos,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—
    d.
    With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

    exercitus iter sistit,

    Tac. H. 3, 50.—
    e.
    With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

    Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

    Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—
    f.
    Of living objects, in gen.
    (α).
    To arrest their course, make them halt:

    aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

    Tac. H. 2, 23:

    festinantia sistens Fata,

    staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

    non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

    Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

    aliquem cuspide,

    Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

    cervum vulnere sistere,

    id. 2, 78.—
    (β).
    To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

    ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

    Liv. 1, 37, 3:

    ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

    id. 10, 14, 18:

    nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

    Curt. 5, 3, 11:

    nec sisti poterant scandentes,

    Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —
    g.
    Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

    pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

    Tac. A. 3, 52.—
    2. a.
    Of water:

    sistere aquam fluviis,

    Verg. A. 4, 489:

    amnis, siste parumper aquas,

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

    quae concita flumina sistunt,

    id. M. 7, 154:

    sistito infestum mare,

    calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—
    b.
    Of blood and secretions:

    (ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

    Tac. A. 15, 54:

    sanguinem,

    Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

    haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

    fluctiones,

    id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

    nomas,

    id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

    mensis,

    id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

    vomitiones,

    id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

    alvum bubus,

    id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

    alvum,

    stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

    ventrem,

    id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—
    3.
    To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

    ille oculos sistit,

    Stat. Th. 2, 539.—
    4.
    To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

    querelas,

    Ov. M. 7, 711:

    fletus,

    id. ib. 14, 835:

    lacrimas,

    id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

    minas,

    id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

    opus,

    id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

    labores,

    id. ib. 5, 490:

    furorem,

    Stat. Th. 5, 663:

    furialem impetum,

    Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

    pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

    Ov. M. 14, 803:

    antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

    id. F. 4, 387:

    sitim sistere,

    to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

    nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

    suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

    ruinas,

    to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

    ventum,

    to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

    (motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

    Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—
    5.
    Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

    transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

    Tac. H. 2, 11:

    dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

    provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —
    C.
    Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).
    1.
    Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

    quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

    it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

    totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

    Liv. 2, 29, 8:

    si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

    the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

    si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

    id. 3, 9, 8:

    vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

    that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

    qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

    these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

    qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

    Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—
    2.
    Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

    supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

    Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.
    A.
    Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

    esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

    Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

    Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

    i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—
    B.
    In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

    status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

    Liv. 39, 13, 8:

    stato loco statisque diebus,

    id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

    stato lustri die,

    Sen. Troad. 781:

    status sacrificii dies,

    Flor. 1, 3, 16:

    statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

    Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

    stato tempore,

    Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

    stata tempora (partus),

    Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

    adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

    Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

    stata quinquennia,

    Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

    stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

    Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

    proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

    Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

    solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

    stata sacra,

    Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

    stata foedera,

    id. ib. 11, 380:

    status flatus,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    stati cursus siderum,

    Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—
    C.
    Moderate, average, normal:

    inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

    Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sisto

  • 19 pernox

    per-nox, noctis, adj., continuing through the night, that lasts all night (not ante-Aug.):

    (bos) jacet pernox instrato cubili,

    Verg. G. 3, 230:

    luna pernox erat,

    was up all night, was at her full, Liv. 5, 28, 10; 21, 49, 9; 32, 11, 9; cf.:

    addit et exceptas lunā pernocte pruinas,

    by the light of the full moon, Ov. M. 7, 268; and:

    luna alias pernox, alias sera, etc.,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42:

    stare pertinaci statu perdius atque pernox,

    Gell. 2, 1, 2:

    luditur alea pernox,

    Juv. 8, 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pernox

  • 20 aperiō

        aperiō eruī, ertus, īre    [ab + 2 PAR-], to uncover, lay bare: caput: aperto pectore, with bared breast, O.: ingulo aperto, with his throat cut, O.: partūs, bring to light, H.: apertae pectora matres, with bared breasts, O.—To open, uncover, unclose, make visible, discover, display, show, reveal: ostium, T.: forīs, O.: sociis viam, V.: ferro iter, S.: locum... asylum, as an asylum, L.: specūs, Ta.: his unda dehiscens Terram aperit, discloses, V.: aperitur Apollo, comes in sight, V.: nondum aperientibus classem promunturiis, i. e. while the fleet was still hidden behind them, L.: omnia quae latuerunt: fatis ora, for the utterance of, V.: fenestram ad nequitiam, T.: annum, to begin, V.: fuste caput, i. e. to cleave, Iu.—Of places, to lay open, render accessible: Troiam Achivis, V.: armis orbem terrarum, L.: gentīs ac reges, Ta.—Fig., to disclose, unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, explain, expose: hominum mentīs: fabulae partem, T.: coniurationem, S.: locum suspicioni: casūs aperire futuros, to disclose the future, O.: coacti se aperiunt, show what they are, T.: ne semet ipse aperiret, betray himself, L.: dum se ipsa res aperiat, N.: quid cogitaret: quis sim, L.
    * * *
    aperire, aperui, apertus V TRANS
    uncover, open, disclose; explain, recount; reveal; found; excavate; spread out

    Latin-English dictionary > aperiō

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